Term Paper on Martin Van Buren Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

On Martin Van Buren - Term Paper Example He had a bustling life following in the strides of different pioneers. However, his life didn't start that way. At first, Van Buren dwelled from a modest home. He was slipped from a Dutch foundation, the child of a rancher and a tavernkeeper in Kinderhook, New York (Martin Van Buren, 2010). What propelled him to turn into a government official originated from his profession as a legal counselor. Van Buren got into New York governmental issues and climbed his way up to turn into the â€Å"Albany Regency,† which was a compelling political association in New York (Martin Van Buren, 2010). He used his situation in support of himself by beginning activities that were viewed as clever regarding apportioning open workplaces just as building up a framework to urge voters to cast a ballot in support of himself (Martin Van Buren, 2010). Van Buren didn't stop there. He was not a man to choose only any profession, actually, he set his privileges on higher political standings which he effe ctively achieved. Van Buren was chosen into the States Senate in 1821 (Martin Van Buren, 2010). Since he exceeded expectations, he got the considerations of President Andrew Jackson only six years after the fact. From that point, Van Buren turned into the vital northern pioneer, at that point quickly progressed into the situation of Secretary of State (Martin Van Buren, 2010). ... In particular, Van Buren and Calhoun conflicted. The arrangement emerged when Calhoun and the Secretary of War, Eaton, surrendered, which permitted the remainder of the bureau to go with the same pattern (Martin Van Buren, 2010). This empowered Jackson to select an entirely different bureau, subsequently rendering Van Buren into the situation of Vice President through votes welcomed on by the political decision in 1836. Previously, President Jackson endeavored to remunerate Van Buren’s tireless work and dedication by making him the Minister to Great Britain, yet this vote was beaten by Calhoun who proclaimed a saint of Van Buren (Martin Van Buren, 2010). Van Buren’s political life up to the point of 1837 seemed, by all accounts, to be nothing not exactly a progression of achievements and snapshots of incredible pride. All things considered, he conducted himself in impeccable form and become the main person who conveyed President Jackson’s trust to the degree in w hich it was given. Soon after Van Buren reported his course as recently delegated Vice President was give himself to the American trial for instance to the rest of the world through his Inaugural Address; everything went to a slamming stop. Inconvenience resulted as the recurrent economy â€Å"boom and bust† marvel (Martin Van Buren, 2010). Karl Marx found an example to how discouragements come to fruition. Prior to the Industrial Revolution, there were next to zero patterns of swelling and downturn, which Marx acquired it to mean, that the business cycles were an innate factor of the entrepreneur showcase economy (Rothbard, 1969). The purpose of understanding the circumstances and end results of melancholies help government officials to reveal the arrangement. With Van Buren’s case, President Jackson really added to the occasion by devastating the Second Bank of the

COSTCO Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

COSTCO - Essay Example It manages different individuals in different locales, and the need of workforce decent variety is fundamental in the organization to advance effectiveness. In the interim, the organization is worry with the nature of its items and administrations in that it esteems the executives preparing so as to improve the abilities and comprehension of representatives. The Leadership styles are amazingly fundamental in the administration of the organization since improve the exhibition of the organization. Hence, the paper will assess the administration preparing, workforce assorted variety and the Leadership styles of the Costco in its tasks. The board of preparing and workforce assorted variety Workforce expands in Costco manages the modification of work power and the manner in which representative identify with one another at the workforce. The organization advances the executives of workforce decent variety productively by making a domain that assesses novel characteristics of every special ist that help the organization to accomplish its objectives and vision (Barak, 2010). Then, it includes in workforce decent variety preparing that presents the information and fundamental abilities in the association. The organization gives a discussion that help members to improve their understandings in their fields. The administration of preparing of Costco centers around expanding comprehension to all workers paying little heed to the status, sex and race, and ensure every human contrast were regarded. Costco is attempting it best to make mindfulness and put accentuation on the need of preparing on the grounds that it fabricates aptitudes and inspects the conduct that impact how representatives cooperate (Lussier, 2011). The board preparing of the Costco center around dispersing data that guarantees representatives is natural and comprehends the law that administers reasonable work rehearses. So also, it includes talking about human subjective procedures that are basic in advanc ing the exhibition of the associations. The administration preparing includes presenting courses and workshops that ensure administrators are outfitted with abilities that help them to confront difficulties that may emerge in administering and overseeing ventures (Lussier, 2011). Costco give the executives preparing through contribution classes and sending the board faculty to gatherings. The administration preparing incorporates courses that perceive the critical of viable correspondence and conversation that rouse representatives (Barak, 2010). In the mean time, the organization preparing outfits representative with characteristics on the most proficient method to deal with exhibitions surveys and critical thinking in the work power assorted variety. The board preparing of the Costco tends to the assorted variety and enthusiastic knowledge that help chiefs to deal with their new duties viably. The board preparing of the organization includes time the executives that will be valuab le for figuring out how to accomplish objectives and abstain from accomplishing work at last. Bolman and Deal (2003) show that workforce assorted variety in Costco includes actualizing arrangements and practices that include individuals inside the workforce that are unique in relation to those in the predominant workforce. The workforce assorted variety in Costco incorporates corporate duty that permits people to acquire a living and meet their dreams.. In the interim, workforce decent variety of the organization maintains a strategic distance from issues of unfair inclinations and practices in assigning their occupations and advancements that help in pulling in the best open ability inside the pool. Authority style The initiative style gives guidance, the strategy to execute designs and include in persuading people, in associations. There are three kinds of administration styles that incorporate dictator, vote based and free rule, and are executed relying upon the vision and object ives of the organizati

My First Visit

My First Visit I realize that some of my readers may not have had the opportunity to visit MIT yet. They may never walk the tunnels before they decide to apply. A brave few will not even be able to visit until they set foot on campus as a freshman. While reading these blogs is a great alternative, it certainly cannot substitute for the real experience of being on MITs campus. So the story that follows is about my first visit to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The context of my trip: New York City is a few hours away from MIT by road. My family has limited funds and no car, so I was very lucky to find out that my high school sponsors college trips for juniors. So I coughed up some cash and shuttled between nine different colleges in the Northeast over three days. At the time, I was fairly undecided in which colleges I wanted to apply to. All I wanted to do was get far away from home. They told us they splash acid over the buildings to corrode them and make them look older. / THIS IS NOT MIT. February 5th, 2005. My mind was still raving about the previous day, when I realized Yales campus was full of ugly old buildings (see above) and SO MUCH SLUSH. Now I was in the State of Massachusetts for the first time. A inch or two of snow still covered the ground. Our bus pulled up directly to 77 Massachusetts Avenue. A giant staircase and columns!Admissions herded us into some classroom where we got the spiel. Then off to the tour! We started in Lobby 7. Walking down the long hallway called the Infinite Corridor which comprises many of MITs classroom buildings, the first door to the right is a mens bathroom. My friends Steven and Brendan asked if I could wait for them, so I kept watch on our tour as it quickly made its way down the hall. The group quickly became a meandering blob. Five to ten minutes later, the boys came out of the bathroom. Wheres the tour? I dont know You were supposed to keep watch! I WAS. We walked around but found no one from our group. I wanted to cry. MIT seemed like a cool place and all but were *lost*! This was before I ever had a cell phone. Luckily, the boys used their cell phone networking magic to track down other people on the tour, and some long time later we rejoined the tour. Here are some random photos to prove it! []Part of West Campus, featuring the undergraduate dorms McCormick and Baker (left and right), with female graduate housing in the center thats now undergraduate sorority housing. This shot of a sculpture in Barker Library (thats the main engineering library) looks very cool, though weird for a *library*.. []Classic picture of the great dome from Killian Court. Inside of one of the athletics buildings.That night we stayed at the Marriott Hotel on MITs campus. We were given some free time before our curfew at 11PM, so just for fun we went back to MIT! At the Student Center we bought candy and played video games. I showed off my pool and air hockey skills and we all had a great time. My two guy friends who got lost in the bathroom are hard at work.So my visit happened to be awesome, although the more awesome bits happened outside the tour. All the while, I saw lots of random little things around campus that made me very happy and I suppose pushed me to apply. Here is my favorite picture from this whole weekend:

Brandon Duong. Professor Wetrick. English 1B. 8 February

Brandon Duong Professor Wetrick English 1B 8 February 2017 Video Games and Youth Violence Media has portrayed violent video games as the root cause for violence and school shootings, but is it really? Violent video games are predominate in the industry of gaming with consumers being primarily children. Furthermore, as the sales of video games increase studies have shown that violence has actually decreased in younger consumers. There are many studies performed on children to truly test these accusations made against video games and violence. Many people believe that playing video games will lead you down a path of anger and evil, but this isn’t the truth at all playing video games doesn’t have to lead you to becoming a villain to†¦show more content†¦But Dr. Elizabeth Carll, who helped this study, wanted to clear up the confusion, the resolution did not state that there was a direct causal link to an increase in teen violence as a result of playing videogames† (Flanagan). â€Å"Constant news cove rage leaves the impression that youthful crime is increasing†(Olson) news stories continue to slaughter the idea that people who play games are just normal people in society and not just antisocial, angry people sitting in their mom’s basements. Olson presents, â€Å"Some have referred to a wave of violence gripping America s youth, fueled by exposure to violent media. Using data supplied to the FBI, the U.S. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention reported that the rate of juvenile arrests increased in the late 1980s, peaking in 1994. Juvenile arrests declined in each of the next 7 years† (Olson) with this data presented by the Federal Bureau of Intelligence people are displaying even less aggressive tendencies especially children who are exposed to video games. It is not just the information going unbelieved, but also the studies have been discredited alongside the idea of video games are getting worse as media continues to slander players for agg ressive actions and shut-in traits. From the present body of literature, there s nothing that supports a relationship between violent videogame playing and aggression—not correlational or

Essay on Character Motivations in Hills Like White Elephants

In the story, Hills like White Elephants written by Ernest Hemingway, the main character Jig faces a life changing event, abortion. The struggles with the complications of abortion concern and desire Jig to want to keep the baby. Bringing a new life into the world is a long time commitment and it is something Jig feels she can treasure forever. However, her companion attempted to persuade her in another direction, to proceed with the abortion. As na#239;ve as he is, he feels his persuasion can overcome Jigs desires. Jig is a sarcastic yet reserved woman, who desires to bring a new life into the world, even if her companion does not approve; she knows what is best. Jig can be perceived as sarcastic, which does not express how†¦show more content†¦In the beginning of the story Jig is not motivated to tell her companion how she feels about the abortion. The only motivation she has is to make him happy and not argue about the situation. I realize, the girl said. Cant we maybe stop talking?(191). The idea of being happier in life is all that Jig wants. Her motivation becomes limited because her companion does not agree with the idea of keeping the baby. Jigs companion is settled with the life he has and the thought of bringing a new life into his world would make him unhappy. He wants whats best for Jig but he is being selfish with the words he says. Jig is rather upset at her companion for being na#239;ve about the abortion. He does not realize that an abortion is a difficult procedure. Ill go with you and Ill stay with you all the time. They just let the air in and then its perfectly natural(198). The argument creates a major conflict between the two people. We can have everything. No we cant. We can go everywhere. No, we cant. It isnt ours anymore(190). Motivation can boost someones confidence, although confidence can turn into doubt by persuasion. For example, when Jigs companion explains to her how happier people are when they proceed with an abortion. And you think then well be all right and be happy. I know we will. You dont have to be afraid. Ive known lots of people that have done it(189). Jigs opinionShow MoreRelatedWhite Elephants Are Like An Abortion951 Words   |  4 PagesWhite Elephants are like an Abortion As we know conceiving a child is a life changing experience; indeed, it can sometimes be a good or a bad experience. In the story Hills like White Elephants, â€Å"Hemingway’s unnamed American male dominates the weaker-sexed Jig† Rankin. Throughout the story the American man is trying to convince the pregnant Jig to abort their baby. They are discussing a life and death situation, literally for the unborn child, and figuratively for their relationship. There are manyRead MoreThe World of Fiction666 Words   |  3 Pagesgenre which through shaping the character, narrating story, and describing the environment to reflect life, to express ideas. It uses the narrators language to expand the themes and express thoughts and feelings. It is the reflection of art and performance of the social life. Fiction can reflect specific social phenomenon by creating a significant character. Hawthorne shows us all kinds of social phenomena in the society and a variety of characters, especially in his own work Rappaccini’sRead MoreHills Like White Elephants, by Ernest Hemingway Essay2921 Words   |  12 Pagestopic and is a very helpful tool to the future. The best kind of literature are short stories. One very interesting short story is called â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† by Ernest Hemingway. Ernest Hemingway shows the themes in his writing by being very obvious about some of them and not so obvious about others. Some of the themes in â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† include relationships, men and woman, and many others as well. Hemingway’s use of literary elements lets the readers analyze the many themesRead MoreThe Cask of Amontillado and Hills Like White Elephants577 Words   |  3 Pagesof â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† by Edgar Allan Poe amp; â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† by Ernest Hemmingway Analysis of â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† by Edgar Allan Poe Abstract â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† by Edgar Allan Poe, is a short story about a man named Montessor who gets revenge on one of his â€Å"friends† named Fortunado by trapping him and burying him alive. Treatment Setting: Two kinds Plot: Man gets revenge on his â€Å"friend† Characters: Montresor, Fortunado, Montresor’s family, and Luchesi Read MoreThis Tournament Goes to Eleven4982 Words   |  20 PagesTournament Goes to Eleven 2007 This Packet Has Gone to the Dogs (theme packet) Written by: Delaware (Bill Tressler) Every question will mention a dog somewhere, but answers need not be specifically a dogs name or breed. Tossups 1. One character by this name was a son of Zeus and Niobe who succeeded Apis as king of Phoronea. Another had the labors of freeing Arcadia and killing Satyr, while a third is seen lying neglected on the heaps of mule and cow dung and could not get up to greetRead Morelord of the flies notebook check4355 Words   |  20 Pagesspeech a diatribe Chapter 3 Page    oppressive 49 Using power unjustly, burdensome inscrutable 49 Difficult to understand, mysterious vicissitudes 49 A change of circumstance or fortune, typically unpleasant declivities 54 Downward slopes, as of a hill tacit 55 No spoken; implied by action or statement Chapter 4 Page    blatant 58 Obvious taboo 62 Excluding or forbidden from use mention sinewy 64 Lean and muscular, stringy and tough malevolently 71 Dark or having ill will Chapter 5 Page    ludicrousRead MoreANALIZ TEXT INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS28843 Words   |  116 Pagesor a short story. Events of any kind, of course, inevitably involve people, and for this reason it is virtually impossible to discuss plot in isolation from character. Character and plot are, in fact, intimately and reciprocally related, especially in modern fiction. A major function of plot can be said to be the representation of characters in action, though as we will see the action involved can be internal and psychological as well as external and physical. In order for a plot to begin, someRead MoreLenovo and Ibm23938 Words   |  96 PagesIntegration: The Experience of Lenovo and IBM By Sharona Peng universally applicable. However, since members of a nation face a set of common experience, themes and institutions that shape their value orientations, it may result in a unique national character that is more clearly apparent to foreigners than to the nationals themselves (Hofstede, 1984). In addition, Hofstede (2005) has conceded that while others believes differences in national institutions (governments, laws, associations, enterpriseRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesIntroduction 1 What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Individual 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Diversity in Organizations 39 Attitudes and Job Satisfaction 69 Emotions and Moods 97 Personality and Values 131 Perception and Individual Decision Making 165 Motivation Concepts 201 Motivation: From Concepts to Applications 239 3 The Group 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Foundations of Group Behavior 271 Understanding Work Teams 307 Communication 335 Leadership 367 Power and Politics 411 Conflict and Negotiation 445 FoundationsRead MoreLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 PagesLeading 13—Motivation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299 The Human Element of the Organization . . . . . . . . . . . 300 Structuring the Human Element in Organizations . . . . 302 Motivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303 The Content Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305 Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305 Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory of Motivation . . . . . .

Women and Equality Current Reality or Distant Future Free Essays

Given that women now hold jobs which conventionally have not been associated with their gender, some may think that the plight to attain equality in terms of opportunities has succeeded. People sometimes accept such notion unconditionally as if gender bias has been eliminated. However, such thoughts would definitely be ideal examples of a form of fallacy: hasty generalization. We will write a custom essay sample on Women and Equality: Current Reality or Distant Future? or any similar topic only for you Order Now In reality, such notions could not be any farther from the truth. In pursuits as simple as sports for example, women still suffer from the bias; highlighting women basketball players as evidence, their paychecks are only a meager fraction if compared to their male counterparts (Person, 2009). Furthermore, the opportunities of women in athletic pursuits are still crippled due to the presence of stereotypes. Profitability remains to be a question in forming women sports leagues or teams as businessmen still believe that men’s sports would garner the most beneficial public response and attention (Person, 2009). With such examples, it is irrefutable that equality is still yet to be reached. If modern-day America still cannot be referred to as an example of a society where in men and women have equal opportunities, when would such a time come? When the time comes that headlines about women holding jobs as a minority would no longer be existent then equal opportunity among genders might have been achieved. Some may claim that such a scenario would never materialize as women are not inclined toward certain tasks. In rebuttal, is it not true that such inclinations or tendencies manifest only due to biases, stereotypes, and gender roles? It is quite interesting to think that equality may only be possibly attained if such concerns are first eliminated. Naturally, obstacles such as gender marking and administrative representation, all present in sports as well (Person, 2009), should be effectively tackled. Nonetheless, when gender distribution among jobs no longer become an issue or when a meager number of women holding high profile responsibilities no longer make headlines as aforesaid, then equality of opportunity must have been realized. How to cite Women and Equality: Current Reality or Distant Future?, Papers

Only Stricter Traffic Laws Can Prevent Accidents free essay sample

Every year hundreds of people die in car accidents as a result of bad driving. It is estimated that throughout the world, at least half a million people are killed and about 15 million injured on the roads each year. Most people suggest that we should do something to prevent the accidents and thus save many lives. Fortunately, society has become more life conscious, and over the last few years, people have become more aware of the reasons why they should drive more carefully. The facts that careless driving and poor road conditions are dangerous for other drivers, passangers and passers-by causes permanent disability and even death are just a few incentives to keep drivers from thhoughtless driving. First of all, the age of limit of young drivers should be raised to al least 21. A lot of young people are still irresponsible for their actions. Moreover, they do not realise the dangers of alcohol abuse and drive very fast or overtake improperly in order to show off. We will write a custom essay sample on Only Stricter Traffic Laws Can Prevent Accidents or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is still maintained that majority of car accidents is caused by teenagers who are between 17 and 19 years old. Secondly, governments should impose stricter fines for those who do not comply with speed limits on roads. Typically, more deaths occur on rural roads, where speeds are higher than in urban areas. Besides, the authorites should make an effort to improve road conditions. No holes, no bumps, but more motorways. Thanks to this, our vehicle can also be in a better condition. Additionally, no driver should use mobile phones as we are not concentrated on the road when we are driving. All in all, it is high time more sterner traffic laws were imposed. The fact is that road safety can be achieved through multidisciplinary approaches involving road engineering and traffic management, education and training of road users, and vehicle design. If we still do not realise how serious is the problem of bad driving and poor road conditions the next casualty of the accident may be one of us. It is high time a world code were created to reduce this senseless waste of human life. With regard to driving, laws of some countries are notoriously  lax and even the strictest are not strict enough. A code which was universally accepted could only have dramatically beneficial effect on the accident rate.

spanish essays

spanish essays In a very remote time the Gods and the Goddesses lowered from the sky to enjoy the beautiful territories of the Indian Guaranies, with their thick forests, great rivers of clear waters and full meadows of flowers. One of these celestial visitors was the Moon Goddess who came very frequently, always during the day. Her companion was the Cloud Goddess. In order to freely walk by the fields and the forests without anyone recognizing them, the Goddesses took the form of two Indians Guaranies. The Goddesses were so happy gathering beautiful flowers in the forest that they forgot the night approached. Suddenly, when the dark shadows covered the Earth, the Moon Goddess exclaimed: We must return right now to the sky or I will arrive late for my duties! One moment more-requested the Cloud Goddess. I see some very pretty white orchids there and I want a bouquet to take to the sky. They walked rapidly towards the orchids when suddenly they gave a shout of terror. In front of the girls appeared a tiger, the biggest they had seen in the land. Its eyes were brilliant and it had its very big mouth open. The goddesses were so frightened that they forgot to change their Indian forms to their celestial forms. The tiger, giving a strong roar, jumped towards the girls, ready to devour them. But, to the surprise of the two, an arrow drove into his body and the animal fell to the ground, bellowing with great shouts for the pain of his wound. In that moment, an old Guarani with his bow and arrow emerged from his hiding place from behind a tree. Run!-he shouted to the goddesses. Run to save your lives!- But the goddesses, paralyzed by fear, were as immobile as the trees that surrounded them. Suddenly the tiger rested on his injured paw and jumped again toward the women, but the old man fired another arrow and it drove int ...

Show, Dont Tell Tips and Examples of The Golden Rule

Show, Dont Tell Tips and Examples of The Golden Rule Show, Don't Tell: Tips and Examples of The Golden Rule Show, don’t tell is one of the most frequently given pieces of advice among writers. But just like â€Å"write what you know† and â€Å"write every day,† it can be difficult to follow - especially if you don’t really know what it means! Luckily, we’re here to show you exactly what this involves. We'll explain the various benefits of â€Å"showing† in writing, and provide plenty of helpful examples. Show, don't tell: it's a rule for a reason. Let us SHOW you why! 'Show, Don’t Tell': A Quick DefinitionShow, don’t tell is a writing technique in which story and characters are related through sensory details and actions rather than exposition. It fosters a style of writing that’s more immersive for the reader, allowing them to â€Å"be in the room† with the characters.In his most commonly repeated quoted, Chekhov said, â€Å"Don’t tell me the moon is shining. Show me the glint of light on broken glass."In short: showing illustrates, while telling merely states. Here’s a quick example of showing versus telling: Showing: As his mother switched off the light and left the room, Michael tensed. He huddled under the covers, gripped the sheets, and held his breath as the wind brushed past the curtain. Telling: Michael was terribly afraid of the dark.In the â€Å"showing† example, rather than merely saying that Michael is afraid of the dark, we’ve put him in a situation where his experience of that fear takes center stage. The reader can deduce the same information they’d get from the â€Å"telling† example but in a much more compelling way. The Benefits of 'Show, Don't Tell'Showing also helps develop characters in a way that isn't just listing their traits. For instance, rather than telling your readers that â€Å"Gina was selfish and immature,† you could show this side of her by writing a scene where she whines about how everyone forgot her half-birthday. Or if you have a character who’s extremely determined, show her actually persisting through something - don’t just say â€Å"she was persistent.†Overall, when done right, showing draws readers into the narrative with truly immersive description. It contributes to story development but also leaves certain things up to the reader’s interpretation, which is much more interesting than making everything explicit. (Though of course, you can still use language to alter their perception).The bottom line: telling might be quicker, and it’s certainly necessary to have some telling in every story (more on that later), but showing should almost always be your prime strategy.All right, that’s enough theory for now! Let’s talk about how you can show, not tell, in your own work. Here are five key tips on how to show rather than tell in a story4 Practical 'Show, Don’t Tell' TipsLet's start with one of the most important aspects of storytelling...Tip #1. Create a sense of settingOne of the best ways to show rather than tell is to create a sense of setting. You can do this by writing about how characters perceive and interact with their surroundings, weaving plenty of sensory details and occasional action into the scene. This is a particularly good way to lend immediacy to your story, as the reader should be able to imagine themselves in that very setting. Telling: I walked through the forest. It was already Fall and I was getting cold. Showing: The dry orange leaves crunched under my feet as I pulled the collar up on my coat.Tip #2. Use dialogue to show characterIn addition to setting, you can also use dialogue to demonstrate story elements beyond the surface conversation. A character’s speech will tell the reader a lot about them, especially when they’re first being introduced.Do they use long sentences and polysyllabic words or do they prefer short, punchy replies? Are there likely to use slang and call an authority figure â€Å"dude† or â€Å"fam† or will they address them respectfully as â€Å"Mr. So-and-So†?Tip #3. If in doubt, always describe actionâ€Å"Telling† almost always grinds your narrative momentum to a halt. Imagine having to describe the setting every time your characters enter a new space - any pace you had built in your chapter would be destroyed. However, it’s still important to evoke the setting and put your scene in context. And that’s w here showing action comes in handy.Let’s say you start your scene with your character walking through St Mark’s Square in Venice. Instead of describing the pigeons, the tourists and the layout of the space, you can evoke it through action: He was late. St Mark’s clocktower had struck one and Enzo found himself pushing against the tide of tourists milling towards the cafes lining the Piazza San Marco. A clump of pigeons scattered in front of him.Through action, you’re able to describe the setting of the scene while also maintaining your story’s forward motion.Tip #4. Use strong details, but don’t overdo itStrong, vivid details are crucial to the process of showing. However, that doesn’t mean you should include too many details, especially those that are overly embellished. This kind of excessively ornate language can be just as bad as â€Å"telling† language that’s too basic, as it may cause the reader to lose interest in your super-dense prose. Too much detail: The statue felt rough, its aged facade caked with dust and grime as I weighed it in my hand, observing its jagged curves and Fanta-colored hue. Just right: It was heavier than it looked. Some of the orange facade crumbled in my hand as I picked it up.Strike the right balance by alternating between simple and complex sentences and ideas, and different types of sensory detail, so the reader doesn’t get overloaded on one type.'Show, Don’t Tell' ExamplesTo break down this technique even further, here are a few additional "show, don't tell" examples of authors showing rather than telling in their writing. If you want to analyze even more examples of this tactic, just crack open the nearest novel! Pretty much every work of fiction involves showing, and observing the tactics of successful authors is one of the best ways to learn for yourself.Example #1. The Handmaid’s Tale by Margaret AtwoodI once had a garden. I can remember the smell of the turned earth, the plump shapes of bulbs held in the hands, fullness, the dry rustle of seeds through the fingers. Time could pass more swiftly that way. Sometimes the Comm ander’s Wife has a chair brought out, and just sits in it, in her garden. From a distance it looks like peace.This passage uses various senses (smell, touch, and sound) to recreate the atmosphere of Offred’s old garden, romanticizing the act of gardening to show that she misses those days. It also connects that peaceful past time to the present day, implying that many people no longer feel at peace, including the Commander’s Wife.Example #2. It by Stephen KingIn this early scene, young Georgie is running after his toy boat as he is unwittingly being lured by a malevolent force.Now here he was, chasing his boat down the left of Witcham Street. He was running fast but the water was running faster and his boat was pulling ahead. He heard a deepening roar and saw that fifty yards farther down the hill the water in the gutter was cascading into a storm drain that was still open. It was a long dark semi-circle cut into the curbing, and as Georgie watched, a stripped b ranch, its bark as dark and glistening as sealskin, shot into the storm drain’s maw.King renders the fast-running rivulets of a rainy day by having Georgie run alongside them, unable to keep up. Then he sees the storm drain, which King aptly calls a â€Å"maw† (a spot-on metaphor), and its threat is heightened by the sound of its â€Å"deepening roar† and the fact that it swallows an entire branch. Needless to say, poor Georgie’s boat doesn’t stand a chance. You gotta admit, that's a pretty cute pig. (Image: Paramount)Example #6. Oliver Twist by Charles DickensIn this extract, Oliver has arrived in London for the very first time.A dirtier or more wretched place he had never seen. The street was very narrow and muddy, and the air was impregnated with filthy odours. There were a good many small shops; but the only stock in trade appeared to be heaps of children, who, even at that time of night, were crawling in and out at the doors, or screaming from the inside. The sole places that seemed to prosper amid the general blight of the place, were the public-houses†¦ Oliver was just considering whether he hadn't better run away, when they reached the bottom of the hill.Oliver’s initial impression of London hits us like a train: you can almost taste the filthy air and hear the children screaming for yourself. And if London’s extreme depravity wasn’t already evident enough from the description, you can tell from Oliverâ €™s reaction that it must be pretty bad - for context, he’s just walked 30+ miles to reach London, and this is the first thing that’s really fazed him.Of course, Dickens might have just written, â€Å"Oliver reached London. It was dirty and crowded.† But while this more or less summarizes the above passage, it completely loses the visceral sense of setting and Oliver’s feelings toward that setting. Without these details, the description would be totally generic.Example #7. Fahrenheit 451 by Ray BradburyIn this scene, Montag, a â€Å"fireman† tasked with destroying books, hears his boss’s voice in his head, describing the burning of pages.He could hear Beatty's voice. â€Å"Sit down, Montag. Watch. Delicately, like the petals of a flower. Light the first page, light the second page. Each becomes a black butterfly. Beautiful, eh? Light the third page from the second and so on, chainsmoking, chapter by chapter, all the silly things the wo rds mean, all the false promises, all the second-hand notions and time-worn philosophies.†This excellent use of metaphor (taken from our list of 97 metaphors in literature and pop culture) compares the pages of burnt books to â€Å"black butterflies†: an eerie image that, fittingly enough, burns itself into our brains. Though no book-burning actually occurs at this moment (Montag is merely imagining it), the reader can still vividly see what it would look like. We shudder at the contrast between the innocent, petal-like pages and the monstrous, destructive fire. Indeed, this is the pinnacle of showing - it really drives home how powerful figurative language can be.Example #8. White Teeth by Zadie SmithArchie scrabbling up the stairs, as usual cursing and blinding, wilting under the weight of boxes that Clara could carry two, three at a time without effort; Clara taking a break, squinting in the warm May sunshine, trying to get her bearings. She peeled down to a little purple vest and leaned against her front gate. What kind of a place was this? That was the thing, you see, you couldn’t be sure.The stream-of-consciousness style here evokes the rushed chaos of moving house. Also, the juxtaposed descriptions of Archie and Clara (him â€Å"scrabbling, cursing, blinding, and wilting† while she calmly assesses the situation) show how different they are - a disparity which will only grow over the course of the book.Is telling ever acceptable?Of course, sometimes you have no other choice but to do a bit of â€Å"telling† in a story. Yes, it’s a narrative shortcut, but sometimes shortcuts are necessary - especially when you’re trying to explain something quickly, with no fanfare or immersive evocation for readers. Writers often â€Å"tell† at the beginning of a story to get the exposition across, or after a â€Å"big reveal† where certain details just need to be clearly stated. The important thing is bala nce; as long as you don’t have too much of either telling or showing, you should be fine.Finally, remember that there are no hard-and-fast rules for writing. If you’re worried that you’re telling too much and not showing enough, but your writing still flows well and engages readers, don’t feel obligated to change it! And as Jim Thomas says in the video above: â€Å"In the arts, rules are more like friendly suggestions. This is especially useful to remember when you’re creating your first or second draft - you’re going to ‘tell’ and that’s okay. You’re still figuring out what your story is about.†So whether you’re more inclined to show or to tell, just know that with practice, you’ll find the exact style that works for you. And when that happens, you’ll show everyone (sorry, we couldn’t resist!) what you’re made of as a writer.Do you struggle to show, not tell? Leave any qu estions, concerns, or tips in the comments below!

Education by computer -a better way Research Paper

Education by computer -a better way - Research Paper Example Nonetheless, despite wide acceptability of this trend, there has been debate from many quotas on the suitableness of this, as a schoolrooms method. The question of whether computers are the best way to go has been motivated by a myriad of factors such as, the cost and maintenance of computers and the whether it adds value or it is just a passing fad. The importance of the roles played by computers in the modern classroom will be discussed with the intent of logically proving that they are they are a crucial aspect of modern education. Keen consideration into the basic psychology of most school going children age ranging from early childhood to late teens will reveal one common factor, they all benefit more from practical student centered learning as opposed to, teacher centered learning. Here, computers come in handy; a teacher will instruct a student on how to obtain information using a certain software or website. The teacher will just require providing the basic skills and he/ she will leave the student to do the rest as the teacher supervises. Students and teachers can use LCD projectors, Digital cameras I pads and smart boards among other technological equipment to harness the power of computer technology in class (Meador). ... Besides considering learners today, especially teens spend much of their time on their iPhones and laptops browsing and chatting, it is natural for them to be more interested in a class that has computers. This is because they will using the same gadgets they normally associate with fun and leisure, and having conditioned themselves thus they are likely to react favorably to technology in class ultimately translating in higher grades. As aforementioned, computer education, or education through computers provides learners with invaluable computer skills, which can serve them well in retrospect as they enter the job market or self-employ. Furthermore, there is innumerable gaming software that can be used inside or outside the classroom situation, to develop not only the computer skills but also the psychomotor skills such as hand and eye co-ordination in young children. Math and mind games also help learners develop; analytical and critical thinking and problem solving skills that cont ribute to their personal and professional growth. Other benefits of gaming activities include improved memory and dexterity with computers, which is one of the requirements for one to excel in the games (Salgado). Teachers as parts of lessons can use these games or curricular activities as part of team building by diving learners in groups and having them compete against each other. They also allow a chance for the more bookish students to shine in co-curricular activities to make up for lack of finesse in the field or gym. Online tutoring is another crucial benefit having computers in the classroom since learners are able to stay in contact with their teachers through the internet. They can consult them

Nutrition and Illness Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Nutrition and Illness - Research Paper Example There has been enough epidemiological evidence that shows the risk factors and nutritional levels. In the past decades, there have been rapid changes in the scientific world; these developments have shown that nutrition plays a very crucial role in the prevention and control of morbidity and serious illnesses in people which do not originate from communicable diseases. There are various factors that have played a role in the poor dietary status of the people around the world. These have been attributed to natural calamities, droughts that have hit many places across the world, environmental changes that have led to unpredictable weather patterns, rapid changes in lifestyles and diets, urbanization, economic forms of development, as well as globalization of the market. These issues and others are posing a serious threat to the nutritional status of people; in this category, developing countries have been reported to be worse hit by the trend (Lipton, 2001). One would expect that stand ards of living which have improved, expansion of food availability, diversification of food options, and access to other services should be good for the maintenance of high nutritional diet. However, this is not the case. There have been reported very significant negative impacts that have resulted from inappropriate patterns in dietary; they have decreased the physical activity levels of the people and also led to a corresponding rise in the chronic diseases that are related to diet. Poor people or those who live below the threshold of one USD per day are most affected. Food production and sale have shifted from the local settings to an international market arena where global food cultures are being taken up in place of local preferences. As such, people do not pay a lot of attention to the nutritional value of what they eat (Jacobson & Silverglade). Many could attribute this to the every-demanding life where people have new challenges and new demands that must be met daily and, th us, do not take time to think about what they consume in terms of nutrients. Other attribute of this trend to the job market gives people less time to perform their personal tasks, such as cooking a good meal, at home. Changes in the world food economy have also been reflected in the dietary patterns being currently experienced. There has been a marked increase in the consumption of foods that are considered energy–dense with high content of fats; the worst being thee saturated fats with low carbohydrates that are not refined. When these patterns are put together with the decline experienced in the expenditure of energy in relation to the kind of sedentary lives that many people, especially in white collar jobs, lead, the only thing that remains is disaster in terms of illnesses that turn out to be very chronic. Nutrition gets even more complicated when sedentary kind of life comes into the picture. This paper takes a keen look at the nutrition and illness issue as one that i s affecting the global community in a health context. Analysis There are very alarming trends that are emerging in diseases or illnesses at the global arena. Recently, there have been present very striking events, most of which have been attributed to global causes, and these are directly related to the issue of nutrition. These trends and events that are taking centre stage on the international

Fault-zone Properties and Earthquake Rupture

Fault-zone Properties and Earthquake Rupture INTRODUCTION Geological structures, specifically faults play a substantial role in the qualitative and quantitative aspects of hydrogeological processes (Bense, et al., 2006). Fault zones in the earth shallow crust ( A first-order description of fault zones commonly includes a fault core, which is surrounded by a damage zone from the hydrogeological perspective. The fault core, as the zone of the most intense strain, is generally found in the center of the fault zone, and identified the most of the displacement within the fault zone. Fault cores in different rocks are commonly zones of fault gouge and breccias (Evans and Chester, 1995; Caine et al., 1996; Evans et al., 1997). The damage zone has secondary structures such as minor faults and fractures extending into the foot wall and hanging wall, which take up the rest of strain within the fault zone (Bense, et al., 2013). The fault core and damage zone are surrounded by protolith that is relatively undeformed units which may contain joints not primarily related to the fault zone, and exists as a background deformation pattern (Forster and Evans, 1991; Caine and Forster, 1999). The main hydrogeologic properties of fault zones are believed to be highly anisotropic. Vertical or near-vertical faults are commonly described as being either conduits for horizontal flow along the fault, barriers to horizontal flow across the fault, or a combination of the both respect to the fault core conditions (Anderson and Bakker, 2008). The faulting mechanism and movement type is a significant parameter in the hydrogeological behavior of faults. Normal faults with tension mechanism have a greater ability to groundwater movement and conversely, reverse faults with compressive mechanism, are not proper pathways for groundwater flow. Reverse faults and strike slip faults generated by compression forces, so can act as an impermeable barrier against groundwater movement across the fault (Goldscheider, 2008). Various fault processes can reduce the permeability of the fault core and cause fault to behave as an impermeable barrier against groundwater flow in unlithified sediments. Tectonic sediment mixing in fault zones generally leads to a notable reduction of permeability (Faerseth, 2006; Rawling and Goodwin, 2006; Caine and Minor, 2009; Balsamo and Storti, 2011). The physical mixing of sediments with contrasting grain-size distributions can be expected to result in a more poorly sorted sediment mixture than any of the source beds, and for this reason sediment mixing leads to the efficient reduction of pore space and permeability in the fault zone. The degree to which permeability is reduced as a result of sediment mixing in unlithified sediments will depend on the contrast in permeability between the end-member beds. Heynekamp et al. (1999) report a reduction in permeability of up to six orders of magnitude as compared to the original sand layer, where sandy clay form in the fault zone a s a result of mixing between sand and clay layers along the Sand Hill fault zone in New Mexico, USA. The latter study further illustrates that mixing, from relatively homogeneous source layers, causes strong permeability heterogeneity in the fault zone because of incomplete sediment mixing. In addition to permeability heterogeneity, permeability anisotropy can be expected to be present in fault zones as a result of rotation of bladed sediment grains. Grains aligning preferably with the main fault dip have been observed in both lab-experiments on loose sands, and in naturally faulted sediments ranging from sand to gravel (Bense, et al., 2013). At the grain scale, the increased tortuosity of flow paths across the fault as a result of the realignment of oblate grains in the direction of the fault dip results in permeability anisotropy so that perpendicular to the shear zone, permeability can be up to two orders of magnitude lower than along it (Arch and Maltman, 1990). Where clay minerals are present in the sediment matrix, phyllosilicate framework bands will develop along which platy clay minerals orient in the direction of the fault zone andwill so facilitate the sliding of grains past one another possibly reducing grain breakage (Fossen et al., 2007). Clay smears often develop along fault zones cutting through clay beds. The focus onclay smear exists mainly because of their potential to efficient block across fault fluid flow (Bense and Van Balen, 2004). Clay smears have been described in stratigraphies characterized by unlithified sediments consisting of sand–clay alternations (Yielding et al., 1997). Cataclasis in unlithified sediments is the pervasive brittle fracturing and commination of grains (Engelder, 1974;Chester and Logan, 1986; Blenkinsop, 1991;Davis and Reynolds, 1996). The effectiveness of cataclasis occurring in unlithified sediments varies as function of grain composition, relatively weaker grains such as feldspars can be entirely crushed while stronger quartz grains show low intensity cataclasis characterized by the flaking of grains rather than their entire disintegration by crushing (Loveless et al., 2011; Exner and Tschegg, 2012). Permeability along cataclastic deformation bands in unlithified sediments with clay content is typically reduced more strongly, as compared to undeformed sediments, which is demonstrated by many field and laboratory permeability tests (Antonellini and Aydin, 1994;Fisher and Knipe, 2001). Permeability along cataclastic deformation bands is often anisotropic with the largest reduction in permeability perpendicular to the deformation band (Antonellini and Aydin, 1994; Sigda et al., 1999). Fluids carrying reactive solutes circulating through fault zones potentially can reduce permeability as a result of water–rock interaction and cementation (Zhang et al., 2008). To study the influence of the North Tabriz Fault (NTF) on the adjacent groundwater aquifer in Ammand area, the geologic information reported by the Geological Survey of Iran (1996), along with the hydrostratigraphic characteristic of aquifer drives from 57 well logs, were investigated. Well log data employed to correlate the sedimentary layers in order to clarify the type and structure of the region aquifers. Groundwater level and electrical conductivity (EC) of the groundwater samples have been measured in site. Finally, groundwater level isopotential lines along with flow directions and some hydrochemical analysis of 57 water sample were employed to prepare suitable maps which revealed the impact of the fault on the surrounding aquifer. THE STUDY AREA The Ammand area is located in the northwest of Iran and in the northwest of Tabriz City (Fig. 1). The Tabriz City is one of the large cities of Iran with more than 1.5 million inhabitants (Moradi, et al. 2011). The study area with 297 mm of average annual precipitation and 12.5oC of average annual temperature has a cold and dry climate according to Emberger classification method. Groundwater of this area as the main source of water supply was exploited for drinking and agriculture purposes. This area was crossed by a large and active fault (North Tabriz Fault) which belongs to the complex system that connects the North Anatolian fault system, located in Turkey, to the Alborz mountain range in Iran and accommodates both the northward motion of Arabia and the westward motion of Anatolia plates relative to Eurasia plate (Moradi, et al. 2011). The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of the North Tabriz fault on the hydrogeological characteristic of the surrounding aquifer. GEOLOGICALSETTING The present-day tectonics of Iran is mainly the result of the complex tectonic system due to motion between the Arabian and Eurasia plates (Djamour, et al., 2011). The Tabriz area is part of the complex tectonic system result of the interaction between Arabia, Anatolia and Eurasia plates and comprising the complex system of faults (Sengoret al., 2005; McKenzie, 1972; Jackson, 1992). The North Tabriz Fault (NTF) is the most outstanding tectonic structure in the northwest of Iran with right lateral fault mechanism (Fig. 1). It is one of the most active faults in Iran which has a clear surface expression in most part of its length (Hesami, et al., 2003). It has an average strike of NW-SE over a length of more than 150 km and appears to be generally close to vertical in dip (Vafaei, et al., 2011).Right-lateral movement along this fault, documented by Berberian and Arshadi (1976) from the study of aerial photographs, which also can be seen clearly in the field (Karakhanian et al., 2004).NTF lineament in the area is easily recognizable in Miocene units (Fig. 2). Variety of geological formations around the study area according to their rocks composition and the effects of geological phenomena such as North Tabriz fault have contributed as the main role in the appearance of the area current morphology and hydrogeological characteristics of the area aquifers. Geological units of the area are consists of Pliocene gray Dacite in the north, Miocene gypsiferous red marl and sandstone layers that surrounding the area, Quaternary Travertine deposits in central part, which all of these formations have been covered by Quaternary alluvial fan deposits in most part of the area (Fig. 2).

Lifeboat Ethics: The Case Against Helping the Poor Essay

Since 1991, the southern half of Somalia, a poverty stricken African nation, has seen various tribal militias battle for dominance and power over individual regions of the country. Violence has plagued Mogadishu, the capital, since warlords ousted the former president. Mere months after the collapse of the government, men, women and children in torn clothes ran helplessly towards packages dropped from military planes towards the hot sand of their tiny village. This action was one of many attempts to help underdeveloped nations receive food by the United Nations’ World Food Programme. Within his article titled â€Å"Lifeboat Ethics: the Case Against Helping the Poor†, Garret Hardin, a well-known philosopher of ecology, analyzes the difficulty and ultimate ruin associated with providing aid to these nations. Hardin’s argument for the preservation of well-to-do societies is embodied by his extended metaphor of each society as a lifeboat, with the citizens of developed nations riding calmly amongst a sea of drowning poverty-stricken individuals. Ultimately, Hardin argues for a very harsh thesis: regardless of the current situation, privileged nations simply should not provide aid to those individuals trapped within the vortex of underdeveloped nations. His argument is consequentialist: he claims that the net result of doing so would be negative and would, in the long run, court large-scale disaster. Although Hardin’s argument appears logic-based, his excessive metaphors fail when applied to real-life scenarios, for oftentimes he misconstrues facts to create a claim that may be perceived as more accurate than reality illustrates. Furthermore, any counter-arguments Hardin feels may refute his claim are pushed aside, avoiding factual evidence that may prove his argument inaccurate or misleading. Much like a lifeboat, Hardin leaves the assertions of the â€Å"humanitarian apologists† to drown so as to avoid the overturn of his claim. Within the section titled â€Å"Adrift in a Moral Sea†, Hardin reveals the lifeboat analogy upon which this essay is almost entirely founded, although shortly after it is presented one can see a loophole he cleverly ignores. The metaphor he creates is, nonetheless, coherent, and is used to describe the limited carrying capacity a lifeboat (rich nations), can hold:So here we sit, say 50 people in our lifeboat. To be generous, let us assume it has room for 10 more, making a total capacity of 60. Suppose the 50 of us in the  lifeboat see 100 others swimming in the water outside, begging for admission to our boat †¦ since the needs of all in the water are the same †¦ we could take them into our boat, making a total of 150 in a boat designed for 60. The boat swamps, everyone drowns. Complete justice, complete catastrophe †¦ we might let 10 aboard, but how do we choose? And what about the need for a safety factor? (1,2)Although logical, this metaphor is undoubtedly dubious. Hardin characterizes the safe and the drowning as rich versus poor nations, though in reality not all countries are deemed on one side of the scale, wealthy or impoverished. Many waver on the edge, needing very little aid to push over into industrialization and development. In relation to Hardin’s metaphor, these nations, in retrospect, require a short ride on the lifeboat before they may swim safely away. Furthermore, Hardin assumes the earth does not hold enough resources to provide for everyone, and although correct in stating we cannot sustain an unlimited number of people, he neglects the very definition of such a word. Exactly how many people are contained within an â€Å"unlimited number†? Hardin disregards any hint as to what this number is, a fairly important point when referencing a depletion of world resources. By disregarding the importance of such a number, Hardin influences the reader to believe helping impoverished nations is impossible, for, after all, an unlimited number of individuals would hardly be feasible. However, if the number of people that could be helped was presented, some may change their minds, recognizing that helping some is better than helping none at all. In knowing this, Hardin however, chooses to eliminate the statistic entirely. Within this scenario Hardin appeals to the readers with the presentation of a circumstance in which only two outcomes seem probable. Either the passengers help ten more individuals and drown, or they neglect to help any, and float securely away with the â€Å"safety factor† still intact. Hardin disregards the idea of helping some people, even if selected in a fairly arbitrary way: â€Å"Suppose we decide to preserve our small safety factor and admit no more to the lifeboat. Our survival is then possible although we will have to be constantly on guard against boarding parties† (2). He insinuates that once the decision is made to help some, the lifeboat passengers must attempt to save all of those drowning, which is clearly not feasible given the carrying capacity of the lifeboat. Although the boat’s capacity should not exceed the  admission of more than ten people, why not admit three, four, or even those ten? It seems rather unreasonable to deny help to every i ndividual, when, although not all can be rescued, the boat clearly holds the space for more. The same ideology may be applied in other philosophical debates, including the death penalty, as we discussed in lecture. Ernest Van Den Haag, a defender of the death penalty, explains in his article that the importance of punishment is not whether every individuals gets what they deserve, but rather that some, rather than none, of the convicted receive their rightful punishment. Professor Yaffe applied this to a smaller-scale, saying, â€Å"If you have three pieces of candy and four children, all equally deserving, it is better, according to Van den Haag, for three to receive their desert than for none to receive what is deserved.† This scenario can easily be applied to Hardin’s lifeboat metaphor. Hardin claims, â€Å"Since the needs of all in the water are the same †¦ since they can all be seen as â€Å"our brothers† †¦Ã¢â‚¬  (1), therefore one cannot reasonably argue the desert of the poverty-stricken varies. As a result, the argument can be made that pulling some into the lifeboat to be saved is far better than leaving all to drown. One may argue ignoring such a possibility serves as a way to avoid criticism from liberals who would quite obviously propose letting some individuals on board. Hardin realizes the difficulty in a rebuttal to this argument, therefore he chooses to leave out the situation entirely. Additionally, the carrying capacity of the wealthy nations is far underestimated, and entirely misleading, within this metaphor. Hardin’s philosophy regarding the swamping of wealthy nations does not seem remotely accurate when the feeding of underprivileged nations costs very little in relation to the finances of developed nations. According to past statistics provided by the Index of Global Philanthropy, â€Å"Of the 122.8 billion dollars of foreign aid provided by Americans in 1975, 95.5 billion dollars, or 79 percent, came from private foundations, corporations, voluntary organizations, universities, religious organizations and individuals, although U.S. government aid is only 22 percent of the Gross National Income.† Therefore, one can see government aid, the kind Hardin mentions will ultimately deplete our resources, is fairly little in comparison to the rest of our nation’s finances. Furthermore, there are numerous other  countries in the developed world that hold the potential to distribute more than the United States alone. Realistically, the capacity of a wealthy lifeboat would be close to double the capacity Hardin presents; the boat would be, at the very least, closer to a small yacht than a meager lifeboat. Hardin’s lifeboat metaphor not only conceals facts, but also misleads about the effects of its proposals. Within Hardin’s scenario, the rich lifeboat can raise the ladder and choose not to let any more individuals on. In reality however, the problem does not necessarily go away merely because it is ignored. In the real world, there are armies and domestic dissidents who willingly sacrifice their lives and those of others to oppose policies they view as immoral. It is ignorant to assume all of the lifeboat passengers will agree with the decision that is made. Some individuals may attempt to pull the drowning on board, and hostility would be inevitable. Ultimately, Hardin’s lifeboat metaphor cannot accurately be applied to policy-making as it obscures more than it reveals. Throughout the article, Hardin bolsters his assertions by reference to a â€Å"commons†, or the tragedy of, in which he explains a system of private property which, if open to all, † †¦ the right of each to use it may not be matched by a corresponding responsibility to protect it† (3). He creates a picture to the reader using an example of herdsman with a pasture of a certain capacity. Hardin writes, † †¦ the considerate herdsman who refrains from overloading the commons suffers more than a selfish one who says his needs are greater †¦ It takes no less than everyone to ruin a system of voluntary restraint† (3). This statement is, like many of Hardin’s, entirely logical. Hardin explains that under a system of private property, the individual more easily recognizes responsibility (3). Under communal ownership however, Hardin argues the herdsman who may choose to fill the pasture with more sheep than it can hold for his own benefit wo uld promote his interest at the expense of the community as a whole. It is clear Hardin attempts to propose that the commons created by aid is worse than the original problem. This may indeed be true if the tragedy of the commons were truly a â€Å"tragedy† as Hardin claims, or if it were impenetrable, but that is hardly the case, and Hardin neglects to address this exact issue. Hardin  lacks sufficient, concrete evidence for this claim; creating a hypothetical situation is hardly grounds for a generalization of a large-scale issue. The incentive to leave out such facts can be seen later in the section, when Hardin quotes Alan Gregg, the vice-president of the Rockefeller foundation. Hardin writes, â€Å"He likened the growth and spread of humanity over the surface of the earth to the spread of cancer in the human body, remarking that ‘cancerous growths demand food; but, as far as I know, they have never been cured by getting it'† (5). To recognize any factual evidence that the Green Revolution has, in fact, resulted in increased food production would refute this quote, which provides the main support for Hardin’s argument. When researched, one can see why Hardin would neglect such information. In actuality, communal ownership has been tried in some countries with successful results. According to â€Å"Population and Food: A Critique of Lifeboat Ethics† by philosophers William Murdoch and Allen Oaten, instances of communal ownership have seen success. In Peru, the ownership of the commons has benefited a previously private-owned fishery, and China’s implication of communal agriculture has yet to see over-exploitation. If, however, a nation’s agriculture does not have success parallel to that of Peru and China, Hardin believes experience holds the key to unlocking poverty. In his section titled â€Å"Learning the Hard Way†, Hardin explains how developed nations currently budget and prepare for infrequent emergencies substantially better than impoverished nations. Furthermore, he argues:If each country is solely responsible for its own wellbeing, poorly managed ones will suffer. But they can learn from experience †¦ the weather varies from year to year, and periodic crop failures are certain †¦ should those nations that do manage to put something aside be forced to come to the rescue each time an emergency occurs among the poor nations? (4)Contrary to his typical pattern or argumentation, Hardin acknowledges the universal response of â€Å"kind-hearted† liberals, who find it difficult to grapple with the concept of blaming poverty-stricken individuals for the faults of their governments. In response, Hardin answers, â€Å"The concept of blame is simply not relevant here. The real question is, what are the operational consequence s of establishing a world food bank?† (4). This response exhibits  two of Hardin’s profound faults. By claiming that blame, in this instance, is an irrelevant point to discuss, Hardin neglects to address a very important issue. Why are the liberals wrong in arguing that fault of government should not influence action in providing aid? One may argue that faulty governments are a mere consequence of industrial deficiency, that can easily be fixed if aid is provided to nations who can then use financial assistance for education, resulting in educated political elections with educated individuals on the ballots. These political leaders may then be able to readily plan for emergencies. Neglecting to answer this rebuttal however, results in the presentation of an argument that seems ill-prepared and unreciprocated. Furthermore, Hardin contradicts himself a mere one sentence later, writing, â€Å"If it [a world food bank] is open to every country every time a need develops, slovenly rulers will not be motivated to save† (4). In saying this, Hardin clearly puts the responsibility of the nation’s food supply within the hands of the incompetent rulers, thereby insinuating the blame lies within the government, and ultimately eradicating any piece of information that could have been deemed support for a strong argument. In actuality, Hardin does not put much faith in the reform of such corrupt or incompetent rulers, despite calling that section â€Å"Learning the Hard Way†. Rather, Hardin believes that if the rich countries would simply refrain from giving assistance, the problem would take care of itself as, â€Å"population growth would be periodically checked by crop failures and famines. But if they can always draw on a world food bank in time of need, their populations can continue to grow unchecked, and so will their ‘need’ for aid† (5). When analyzed closely one can see Hardin neglects to address yet another prominent issue within his argument. How are underdeveloped nations expected to set aside food for the future when they do not possess enough for the current population? Denying aid would clearly cause death amongst many individuals, in saying this Hardin is correct. In making this statement however, Hardin incorrectly assumes the dependence on aid would diminish. Although crop failure would reduce population size, a stabilized population does not coincide with a more successful agricultural system. As a result, food would remain scarce, for even a drastic reduction would not guarantee enough food for the new population. It is naà ¯ve for Hardin to view this  solution as an end to dependency. Clearly the reduced population will suffer problems similar to the previous, food production will remain in deficit, need for aid will persist, and the crisis will continue to revolve in circles. Although many individuals propose the Green Revolution will decrease aid as well as increase food production in underdeveloped nations, Hardin neglects, once again, the importance of such a proposition in the next section of his article. To help alleviate the problems associated with crop failure, many scientists have created â€Å"miracle† rice and wheat that promise a larger harvest and greater resistance to damage. Within the section â€Å"Chinese Fish and Miracle Rice†, Hardin, once again, ignores a significant issue in an attempt to hide behind the weakness of his argument. Hardin writes, â€Å"Whether or not the Green Revolution can increase food production as much as its champions claim is a debatable put possibly irrelevant point† (5). Although there is room to debate the extent to which the Green Revolution has increased the crop yields of developing countries, as well as the costs of the loss of biodiversity and other environmental concerns, Hardin neglects to even mention them; they are dismissed in a single sentence. The true issue resides in that simple, blunt statement, for these topics are exactly the point. What is that finite number of people who can be sustained, and can we nudg e it further in the direction of survival? To ignore this essential statistic is to, once again, provide an argument that lacks support and coherence. One of Hardin’s last arguments relates to what he refers to as the largest issue with providing aid: the rapid population growth rates within impoverished nations. Hardin explains, â€Å"The people inside the lifeboats are doubling in numbers every 87 years; those swimming around us are doubling, on average, every 35 years, more than twice as fast as the rich† (2). Hardin then implements a real-world example in which he emphasizes the correlation between population increases and the depletion of resources: â€Å"Every one of the 15 million new lives added to India’s population puts an additional burden on the environment †¦ If rich countries make it possible, through foreign aid, for 600 million Indians to well to 1.2 billion †¦ will future  generations thank us for hastening the destruction of their environment?† (6). Hardin overlooks the fact that population growth rates are affected by many complex conditions besides food supply. There are vast arrays of socioeconomic conditions that can be identified that motivate parents to have fewer children. Thus, Hardin neglects to realize that population growth can be controlled effectively by intelligent intervention that sets up these appropriate conditions, rather than a reliance upon the statistics of natural population cycles. These conditions include the improved education and equality of women, literacy, sexual education, and distribution of contraceptives, all of which are attainable through the foreign aid that may be provided by developed nations, and according to Murdoch and Oaten, â€Å"aid may encourage necessary institutional and social reforms, making it easier for poor nations to use their own resources and initiative to help themselves.† Hardin neglects to refer to the statistics that illustrate the positive effects on population growth within developing nations that have received aid. Costa Rica, for example, has a relatively large population a nd a low GDP, but the birth rate has declined by fifteen percent since the implication of foreign aid has increased industrialization. Hardin’s article, â€Å"Lifeboat Ethics: The Case Against Helping the Poor†, holds more than twisted logic and misleading metaphors; it encompasses irony. Although Hardin consistently refers to his lifeboat metaphor, he, like the individuals in the boat, neglects to mention counter-arguments or deems certain information â€Å"irrelevant† in the attempt to save his own argument from sinking beneath the depths of deceit. Hardin was correct in stating that a particular boat may only hold its limited capacity, but this article needs to push off the inaccurate claims and leave room for those that are relevant if our world is to find a way to end poverty.

School Should Start Later With The Lack Of Sleep - 1324 Words

Alexis Woods 8th grade english Mrs. King April 26,2016 School should start later in the morning. Do teens know how many problems can come with the lack of sleep? with sleep deprivation comes many long term effects on people s mental and physical health.lacking sleep is a cause of depression, obesity ,and makes it hard to function in school. School shouldn’t start as early as it does.because, it s unhealthy and lowers academic scores. Lack of sleep puts teens at risk for mental and physical issues.Less amounts of sleep put teens at a higher risk for depression,obesity,and motor- vehicle accidents. Overall, short sleepers were 14% more likely to report symptoms of psychological distress on a standard test, effect was especially pronounced among young people who already suffered from anxiety; in this group, lack of sleep triggered more serious mental health problems like full-blown depression.Also lack of sleep can affect teens weight they can even become obese. Losing sleep tends to make people eat more and gain weight, and now a new study suggests that one reason may be the impact that sleep deprivation has on the brain.The research showed that depriving people of sleep for one night created pronounced changes in the way their brains responded to high-calorie junk foods. On days when the subjects had not had proper sleep, fattening foods like potato chips and sweets stimulated stronger responses in a part of the brain that helps govern theShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Lack Of Sleep Deprivation On Children1315 Words   |  6 Pages School should start later in the morning. Do teens know how many problems can come with the lack of sleep? with sleep deprivation comes many long term effects on people s mental and physical health.lacking sleep is a cause of depression, obesity ,and makes it hard to function in school. School shouldn’t start as early as it does.because, it s unhealthy and lowers academic scores. 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Perhaps most importantly on this lengthy list is sleep, something that is grossly misunderstood and undervalued. The long and short of it is that adolescents are not getting enough sleep due to early school times, the â€Å"to-do list†, and biological changes. Indeed, perhaps the group thatRead More Sleep Deprivation in Americas Students Essay1485 Words   |  6 PagesSleep Deprivation in Americas Students One of the many arising problems of America’s students is they are becoming sleep deprived. The busy daily schedules of children and teens are not allowing them to get enough sleep. â€Å"Less sleep is unhealthy especially with the new research that as teenagers move through teenage years, they need increasing amounts of sleep. Nine hours per night is the necessary amount to avoid behaviors associated with sleep deprivation† (Final Report Summary, 2001). 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A Defense Of Abortion By Judith Thompson - 1919 Words

PHILOSOPHY 2615 Melissa Ramessar 212762654 In this paper I am going to critically evaluate â€Å"A Defense of Abortion† by Judith Thompson, a moral philosopher and metaphysician, who argues that is morally okay to abort a fetus even if the fetus is considered a person and contrast it to another moral philosopher and utilitarian, Peter Singer who deems her argument to be flawed. Judith Thompson presents a scenario where you are the only person with a particular blood type needed to save a famous unconscious violinist’s life; the Society of Music Lovers finds and kidnaps you. They plug him into you in order to use your kidneys to save his life. They assure you it’s only for nine months and by that time it will be okay to remove the plug. Is this unconscious violinist considered a person? Should you be obligated to help him? What if the violinist is putting a strain on your kidneys and you ll be dead within a week, what should you do? According to Clifford Grobstein in â€Å"When Does Personhood Begin,† he states that, â€Å"Being a person involves subjective awareness, including personality, a sense of self awareness and consciousness.† Even though one may argue that the unconscious violinist is a person because he can go back to being a conscious person after the nine months and therefore you should help him; some may argue that though he has the potential he isn’t a person in the state he is in and therefore, you do not need to help him. Judith Thompson’s response to thisShow MoreRelatedIs Abortion Right Or Wrong?1116 Words   |  5 PagesIs abortion right or wrong? This is a big topic in today’s society. Abortion is always brought up whether it’s religion, politics, or just in a regular conversation. Although, the question remains; is it right or is it wrong? There are many arguments about it. There are an abundant amount of people that argue with each other over this topic. 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Thomson in her article ‘‘A Defense of Abortion.† In this article, I will be rehearsingRead MoreAn Essay Of Two Abortion Arguments1701 Words   |  7 PagesEssay of Two Abortion Arguments) Philosophers, lawyers, theologians and others have devoted and continue to devote their lives to study of the ethics of abortion. Since abortion was legalized, the abortion debate has intensified, and does not show any signs of being resolved anytime soon. The idea’s that advocate the women’s right to abort or the proactive logic that supports the pro-life view and the fundamental identity of the baby all come in hand when looking at the ethics of abortion .AmericanRead MoreThe Ethics of Contraception Essay915 Words   |  4 Pagescontraception, that can be taken if other methods of birth control have failed or were absent. It works by causing the lining of the uterus to shed, taking the potentially fertilized ovum with it (â€Å"contraception† 2005). 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